String of Buttons problems & how to fix them

Crassula perforata

Drooping, yellowing, brown tips, or a plant that just won’t thrive? Here are the most common String of Buttons problems, what usually causes them, and how to turn things around.

Common problems

Etiolation (insufficient light)

Indoors this is its most common fate — gaps open between the stacked leaves in weak light. The plant is stretching toward light it isn't getting: long gaps between leaves, pale thin growth, and leaning. Stretched growth never compacts again, but with more light all new growth comes in full and sturdy - the plant's future is good.

Example of etiolated seedlings stretching pale toward the light, on another plant — Example on another plant
etiolated seedlings stretching pale toward the light
Photo: சஞ்சீவி சிவகுமார் · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Overwatering

Stems collapse and leaves shed when the soil never gets a real dry period. The soil is staying wet longer than the plant can handle, starving roots of oxygen. If caught before roots start rotting, the fix is simple - let the soil dry out and adjust the routine - and most plants bounce back within 2-3 weeks.

Example of a yellowing lower leaf on a potted Chinese evergreen, on another plant — Example on another plant
a yellowing lower leaf on a potted Chinese evergreen
Photo: Saurav9656 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Root rot

Fine roots in dense soil rot quietly; the stem then rots upward from the base. A fungal or bacterial infection of the roots, almost always triggered by soil staying wet too long. Caught early, most plants recover within a few weeks after repotting; if most roots are already mushy, recovery is uncertain.

Mealybugs

The tight leaf stacks give mealybugs sheltered crevices right against the stem. Slow-moving sap-sucking insects that look like bits of white cotton stuck in leaf joints. They are stubborn but very treatable with repeated spot treatment; expect steady improvement over 3-4 weeks.

Example of a long-tailed mealybug on a leaf, on another plant — Example on another plant
a long-tailed mealybug on a leaf
Photo: D-Kuru · CC BY-SA 3.0 at · Wikimedia Commons

Succulent-specific pests

Root mealybugs hide below the soil line on succulents and cacti — check the root ball when a plant stalls for no visible reason. Mealybugs, scale, and root mealybugs love the crevices and thick leaves of succulents and cacti, sucking sap and weakening the plant. Caught early they are very treatable, but expect a few repeat treatments over 2-3 weeks to break the life cycle.

Example of cottony cochineal scale massed on a prickly pear pad, on another plant — Example on another plant
cottony cochineal scale massed on a prickly pear pad
Photo: Juandev · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons

The mistakes that most often kill it

Growing it in a dim room, where it stretches into an unrecognizable sprawl.
Frequent light waterings that keep the surface damp around the stem.
Leaving water sitting between the stacked leaves in cool weather.

Not sure what’s wrong?

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